How do firms decide where to compete internationally? What challenges arise when competing across borders? What are different ways to enter a new foreign market? How should the firm compete in that new market? What factors make a foreign market “flat” versus “lumpy”? This technical note follows the format of The Strategist’s Toolkit in laying out a framework for analyzing the “where” and “how” of international strategy. Thinking carefully about both local responsiveness and global integration can help managers successfully navigate the tension between these imperatives.